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Showing posts with label drugs. Show all posts
Showing posts with label drugs. Show all posts

Tuesday, 14 June 2016

Princess Health and Potent fentanyl, mixed with heroin, drives 14.7 percent increase in fatal drug overdoses in Kentucky from 2014 to 2015. Princessiccia

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The number of drug-overdose fatalities in Kentucky rose almost 15 percent in 2015, driven by a 247 percent jump in deaths involving fentanyl, a highly potent opioid that some traffickers are mixing with heroin, the Kentucky Office of Drug Control Policy said Tuesday.

The office counted 1,248 fatal overdoses in Kentucky last year, up 14.7 percent from the 1,088 reported in 2014. Fentanyl was a factor in more than a third: 420, up from 121.

"Heroin was detected in 28 percent of cases, consistent with the previous year," the Justice and Public Safety Cabinet said in a press release. "However, as a total, heroin-related deaths increased in 2015, largely because the drug is being laced with fentanyl."

�The introduction of illicit fentanyl into the heroin trade is producing devastating results,� Van Ingram, director of the office, said in the release. �Whether it�s manufactured to resemble heroin or a prescription pill, the cartels have made an already dangerous situation worse.�

Gov. Matt Bevin said, �I am heartbroken for the Commonwealth. More than three families a day are shattered by this epidemic of untimely death. This is unacceptable and will be vigorously addressed with every resource at our disposal.�

The report by Ingram's office listed the eight counties with the most fatal overdoses per person from 2012 to 2015. All were in Eastern Kentucky or Northern Kentucky. Here are the counties, with the number of deaths per 10,000 people: Leslie, 6.86; Bell, 6.12; Gallatin, 5.26; Knott, 4.87; Wolfe, 4.83; Floyd, 4.76; Campbell, 4.72 per 100,000 and Kenton, 4.63 per 10,000.

Counties with big percentage increases in fatal overdoses from 2014 to 2015 included Bell, from 11 to 20; Boyd, from 13 to 24; Butler, from none to eight; Harlan, from six to 10; Kenton, from 71 to 112; and Rowan, from five to 12.

Counties with large decreases included Bullitt, from 22 to 11; Grant, 13 to 6; Russell, from 13 to 7; Laurel, 18 to 10; Leslie, from nine to five; McCracken, 20 to 10; and Marshall, from 12 to fewer than five. The report does not list specific numbers for a county in years when the county had fewer than five fatal overdoses.

The figures above are based on where the death occurred. Based on the residence of the overdose victim, some counties ranked higher; for example, Powell County had 5.84 overdose deaths per 10,000 people, and Russell County had 4.95. This map shows rates based on the county where the overdose victims resided; note that it shows the death rate per 100,000 people, not 10,000 (a figure closer to the population of most counties). Click on the image for a larger version.

Wednesday, 25 May 2016

Princess Health and Kentucky is the only truly Appalachian state to have put a brake on fatal overdoses from narcotics. Princessiccia

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Kentucky is the only truly Appalachian state to have put a brake on fatal drug overdoses, report Rich Lord and Adam Smeltz of the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette as part of a series in the about the deadly epidemic of prescription painkillers in the region.

A chart with the series' story about Kentucky shows that fatal drug overdoses were less numerous in the state in 2013 than in 2012, when the General Assembly cracked down on "pill mills," and that while fatal overdoses rose in 2014, they were still not as numerous as in 2012. Official numbers for 2015 are expected soon, and may rise because of the spread of heroin.

The series also credited a crackdown by the Kentucky Board of Medical Licensure, which "took disciplinary action for prescribing irregularities against 135 of the state�s roughly 10,600 doctors" from 2011 to 2015. "The board also moved against 33 doctors during that time for abusing narcotics themselves."

"Getting tough on doctors works," Lord wrote in the series' main story. The state story reported, "Kentucky�s per-capita opioid consumption -- though still seventh in the nation -- dropped by a steepest-in-Appalachia 12.5 percent from 2012 to 2014, according to IMS Health Inc.," Lord and Smeltz report. "Kentucky is the only state, among the seven studied by the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, in which fatal overdoses have plateaued. Elsewhere, they have climbed relentlessly."

The story quotes Kerry B. Harvey, U.S. attorney for the eastern half of Kentucky: �In much of Eastern Kentucky, the workforce is engaged in difficult, manual labor,� like mining, farming and logging, �so people would injure themselves and be prescribed these very potent narcotics, because the medical profession changed the way it looked at prescribing these kinds of narcotics for pain.� The drugs dulled the �sense of hopelessness� people had about the area�s economy, �and so for whatever reason, this sort of culture of addiction took hold.�

"Harvey said that as physicians have gone to jail, and others have faced board discipline, the painkiller business model has adapted. . . . Now the doctors take insurance, and bill the insurer or the government not just for the office visit, but for the MRI, urine screen and back brace they use to justify the addictive narcotic." Harvey said, �So instead of a cash business, in many cases now the taxpayers or the insurance companies pay. The result is the same. We end up with our communities flooded with these very potent prescription narcotics.�

Saturday, 7 May 2016

Princess Health and In many people, OxyContin doesn't give 12-hour pain relief as advertised, and that can cause an addiction problem. Princessiccia

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Oxycontin tablets (Los Angeles Times photo by Liz Baylen)
Why have so many people become addicted to the painkiller OxyContin? We know about the overselling of the drug by its manufacturer, Purdue Pharma, which cost the company $635 million in 2007 to settle an investigation by the Department of Justice. Now the Los Angeles Times reports on another big reason, which the settlement didn't address: In many people, OxyContin doesn't last as long as advertised, and "Patients can experience excruciating symptoms of withdrawal, including an intense craving for the drug," Harriet Ryan, Lisa Girion and Scott Glover report.

Purdue Pharma "launched OxyContin two decades ago with a bold marketing claim: One dose relieves pain for 12 hours, more than twice as long as generic medications," the writers report. "On the strength of that promise, OxyContin became America�s bestselling painkiller, and Purdue reaped $31 billion in revenue."

However, the Times reports, "Even before OxyContin went on the market, clinical trials showed many patients weren�t getting 12 hours of relief," as the company claimed. "Since the drug�s debut in 1996, the company has been confronted with additional evidence, including complaints from doctors, reports from its own sales reps and independent research. The company has held fast to the claim of 12-hour relief, in part to protect its revenue. OxyContin�s market dominance and its high price � up to hundreds of dollars per bottle � hinge on its 12-hour duration. Without that, it offers little advantage over less expensive painkillers."

In the late 1990s, when doctors began telling patients to take OxyContin at shorter intervals, "Purdue executives mobilized hundreds of sales reps to [refocus' physicians on 12-hour dosing. Anything shorter 'needs to be nipped in the bud. NOW!!' one manager wrote to her staff," the Times reports. "Purdue tells doctors to prescribe stronger doses, not more frequent ones, when patients complain that OxyContin doesn�t last 12 hours. That approach creates risks of its own. Research shows that the more potent the dose of an opioid such as OxyContin, the greater the possibility of overdose and death. More than half of long-term OxyContin users are on doses that public-health officials consider dangerously high, according to an analysis of nationwide prescription data conducted for The Times."

More than 7 million Americans have abused OxyContin in the last 20 years, according to the National Survey on Drug Use and Health, and a disproportionate number have been in Appalachia and Eastern Kentucky, where the drug has been called "hillbilly heroin." OxyContin "is widely blamed for setting off the nation�s prescription opioid epidemic, which has claimed more than 190,000 lives from overdoses involving OxyContin and other painkillers since 1999," the Times reports.

Purdue Pharma issued statement calling the Times story �long on anecdotes and short on facts� and said it was based on a �long-discredited theory.� Times spokeswoman Hillary Manning replied, �Our editors see nothing in Purdue�s statement that casts doubt on our reporting or our findings.� For details, click here.

Friday, 6 May 2016

Princess Health and Three more Kentucky counties get needle exchanges; several others discussing, some debating; most are in early stages. Princessiccia

Princess Health and Three more Kentucky counties get needle exchanges; several others discussing, some debating; most are in early stages. Princessiccia

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By Melissa Patrick
Kentucky Health News

Harrison, Pike and Knox counties are the latest in Kentucky to approve a needle-exchange program, bringing the total number of counties to 14, and several more are getting close.

Needle exchanges were authorized by the 2015 anti-heroin bill in an effort to decrease the spread of HIV and hepatitis C, which are commonly spread by the sharing of needles among intravenous drug users. They require both local approval and funding.

The other counties that have either approved or are operating needle exchanges are Jefferson, Fayette, Pendleton, Carter, Grant, Jessamine, Franklin, Clark, Boyd, Kenton and Elliott.

Campbell County close, could have domino effect

The Campbell County Fiscal Court voted 3-1 May 4 to approve a needle exchange and now awaits the support of the City of Newport, Mark Collier of Fort Thomas Matters reports for WCPO-TV, its news partner.

If approved, the exchange will be be operated by the Northern Kentucky Health Department and paid for by a grant from the R.C. Durr Foundation. It also has a a sunset provision that would make it expire Dec. 31, 2018.

Commissioner Charlie Coleman, the only dissenter, said he opposed the exchange because Campbell County residents told him "overwhelmingly" that they didn't want one, Collier reports. He was also not comfortable with the proposed location in the Fiscal Court building.

While Kenton County has approved a mobile needle exchange and the City of Covington has also approved one, both programs are contingent on Boone or Campbell counties to join the effort.

The Fort Mitchell City Council passed a resolution April 18 supporting a needle exchange, making it the second Kenton County city to do so. Independence passed a similar resolution earlier this year, Melissa Stewart reports for The Cincinnati Enquirer.

Some counties in very early stages

The Whitley County Board of Health has unanimously voted in support of a needle exchange program, Mark White reports for the Corbin-Whitley News Journal. The county health department and the Whitley County UNITE Coalition, which works toward reversing the country's opioid epidemic, have held a public meeting to discuss the topic.

Mercer County will hold a community forum May 16 from 6 to 8 p.m. at the county Extension office to discuss a needle exchange, Kendra Peek reports for The Advocate-Messenger in Danville. Their program has been prompted by reports of two people stuck by discarded needles in public places in the county. County Judge Executive Milward Dedman told Peek he was "leaning in favor of it."

Nelson County is also considering a needle exchange, Randy Patrick reports for The Kentucky Standard in Bardstown. The public-health director for the Lincoln Trail District Health Department, Sara Jo Best, gave a presentation in support of the program April 19 at the Nelson County Fiscal Court meeting.

The Laurel County Board of Health is considering a needle exchange and will further discuss it at its June 9 meeting, Kelly McKinney reports for The Sentinel-Echo.

Ben Carlson of The Anderson News recently told what now reads like a familiar story about the exchange that occurs in an early needle exchange educational meetings. The Anderson County Health Department held such a meeting April 25.

At the meeting, health officials shared research showing that needle exchanges decrease the rates of HIV and hepatitis C caused by shared needle use; do not increase drug use; help connect users with counseling and treatment; and get dirty needles off the street.

It also included complaints from opponents who say that needle exchanges are "tacit approval of IV drug abuse." The foes included peace officers.

�The sheriff and I have over six decades of law-enforcement experience combined, and we�ve used those to teach children about the dangers of drugs,� said Chief Deputy Sheriff Joe Milam. �We�re not going to say don�t use drugs, but if you do, use this. We are not in favor of this.�

Exchanges get use, award

Lexington's needle exchange program is adding on-site referrals to rehabilitation programs to its needle exchange, which has been operating since September, reports the Lexington Herald-Leader. Since its opening, the program has received 10,297 used needles and given out 10,803 clean ones.

The Little Sandy District Health Department, which runs needle exchanges in Olive Hill and Grayson, recently received the Kentucky Public Health Association Commissioner's Award for its needle exchange. Since Feb. 4, more than 500 dirty needles have been exchanged in both Carter County locations, Joe Lewis reports for the local weekly, the Journal-Times.

Thursday, 21 April 2016

Princess Health and National Drug Take-Back Day is April 30; dispose of unused or expired drugs at most State Police posts from 10 a.m. to 2 p.m.. Princessiccia

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Kentuckians can get rid of their unused or expired prescription drugs Saturday, April 30 from 10 a.m. to 2 p.m. as part of National Drug Take-Back Day. The service is free and anonymous, no questions asked. Most collections will be made at Kentucky State Police posts.

"The goal of these programs is to reduce the volume of drugs that could end up on the streets and then used illegally," says the Kentucky Office of Drug Control Policy website.

All but two of the 16 KSP Posts will have "Take Back" locations on-site. Post 11 will have its collection at the Laurel County Health Department in London, and Post 8 will have a location at the Morehead Covention Center.

Sgt. Michael Webb, KSP spokesperson, said in the news release that the the program is designed to be easy for citizens and offered the following tips for those interested in participating:
  • Participants may dispose of a medication in its original container or by removing the medication from its container and disposing of it directly into the disposal box located at the drop off location.
  • All solid-dosage pharmaceutical products and liquids in consumer containers will be accepted.
  • Liquid products, such as cough syrup, should remain sealed in original containers.
  • The depositor should ensure that the cap is tightly sealed to prevent leakage.
  • Intravenous solutions, injectables and syringes will not be accepted due to potential hazard posed by blood-borne pathogens.
  • Illicit substances such as marijuana or methamphetamine are not a part of this initiative and should not be placed in collection containers.
Not including this Take-Back Day, "Kentucky has collected a total of 59,719 pounds of unused and/or unwanted prescription medications at all Drug Take-Back events and locations since October 2011," says the ODCP website. For more information about the Take-Back program, contact KSP at 502-782-1780 or click here.

Monday, 18 April 2016

Princess Health and Women in small-town America aren't living as long as before; alcohol, drugs, food, housing, jobs, education, pollution to blame. Princessiccia

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By Trudy Lieberman
Rural Health News Service

Those of us who grew up in small rural communities in the 1950s and '60s expected to have longer life spans than our parents.

The trends were in our favor. White women born in 1900 could expect to live, on average, just shy of 49 years; white men 46.6 years. Those were our grandparents and our neighbors. By 1950, life expectancy had climbed to 72 years for white women born that year and 66.5 for white men. By 2000, life expectancy was still increasing, with female babies expected to live to nearly 80 and males to almost 75.

America was on the rise, jobs were plentiful, antibiotics kept us from dying of strep throat, and polio vaccine kept us out of the iron lung. We thought things would only keep getting better. So I was dismayed to read a story in The Washington Post in April that blew holes in those childhood expectations.

The Post found �white women have been dying prematurely at higher rates since the turn of this century, passing away in their 30s, 40s, and 50s in a slow-motion crisis driven by decaying health in small town-America.�

That �small town America� was where I grew up. I contrasted the Post�s findings to the claims made by all those politicians who have told us we have the best health care in the world and who point to gobs of money lavished on the National Institutes of Health to find new cures and to hospitals promoting their latest imaging machines.

The Post found that since 2000, the health of all white women has declined, but the trend is most pronounced in rural areas. In 2000, for every 100,000 women in their late 40s living in rural areas, 228 died. Today it�s 296.

If the U.S. really has the best healthcare, why are women dying in their prime, reversing the gains we�ve made since I was a kid? After all, mortality rates are a key measure of the health of a nation�s population.

Post reporters found, however, that those dismal stats probably have less to do with health care � which we like to define today as the latest and greatest technology and insurance coverage albeit with high deductibles � and more to do with what health experts call �the social determinants of health,� such basics as food, housing, employment, air quality, and education.

Landmark studies examining the health of British civil servants who all had access to health insurance under Britain�s National Health Service have found over the years that those at the lowest job levels had worse health outcomes. Some of those outcomes were related to things like work climate and social influences outside work like stress and job uncertainty.

In its analysis, the Post found that the benefits of health interventions that increase longevity, things like taking drugs to lower cholesterol and the risk of heart disease, are being overwhelmed by increased opioid use, heavy drinking, smoking and obesity.

Some researchers have speculated that such destructive health behaviors may stem from people�s struggles to find jobs in small communities and the �dashed expectations� hypothesis. White people today are more pessimistic about their opportunities to advance in life than their parents and grandparents were. They are also more pessimistic than their black and Hispanic contemporaries.

A 42-year-old Bakersfield, California, woman who was addicted to painkillers for a decade explained it this way: �This can be a very stifling place. It�s culturally barren,� she said. There is no place where children can go and see what it�s like to be somewhere else, to be someone else. At first, the drugs are an escape from your problems, from this place, and then you�re trapped,� she told Post reporters.

I recently heard U.S. Surgeon General Dr. Vivek Murthy talk about his upcoming report on substance use. About 2.2 million people need help, he said, but only about one million are actually getting it. Murthy wants his report to have consequences as far reaching as the 1964 surgeon general�s report linking tobacco use to lung cancer. In 1964, Murthy noted, 42 percent of Americans smoked; today fewer than 17 percent do.

The Post story concludes that the lethal habits responsible for increasing mortality rates are cresting in small cities where the biggest manufacturer has moved overseas or in families broken by divorce or substance abuse or in the mind and body of someone doing poorly and just barely hanging on.

The Surgeon General has taken on an enormous task, but his efforts just might help the nation move its life expectancy trends back in the right direction.

What do you think is causing poor health in your community? Write to Trudy at trudy.lieberman@gmail.com.

Rural Health News Service is funded by a grant from The Commonwealth Fund and distributed by the Nebraska Press Association.

Sunday, 10 April 2016

Princess Health and Rural drug-overdose rates, high in Kentucky, blamed partly on limits on treatment medication and mental-health services. Princessiccia

Princess Health and Rural drug-overdose rates, high in Kentucky, blamed partly on limits on treatment medication and mental-health services. Princessiccia

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"People in rural areas of Appalachia are more likely to die early deaths than in other parts of the country," and a big reason is that they "die from drug overdoses at greater rates than the rest of the country," writes Kery Murakami, the Washington, D.C., reporter for Community Newspaper Holdings Inc.'s CNHI News Service.

Murakami notes that in Leslie County, Kentucky, 7.9 of every 10,000 residents overdosed each year in 2012-14. "That�s six times the national rate," and third in the nation, he writes, citing the annual County Health Rankings done for the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation by the University of Wisconsin Population Health Institute. Several other Appalachian counties in Kentucky and West Virginia rank high.

The rates are high partly because "addicts in some parts of the country get turned away by doctors and are not given a drug called buprenorphine that is used to kick opioid addictions," Murakami reports, citing addiction experts. "Buprenorphine causes less euphoria and physical dependence and can ease withdrawal and cravings."

However, "Federal law caps the number of patients to whom a doctor is allowed to prescribe the drug, out of concern of creating places where large numbers of addicts receive opioid-based medication. Such treatment hubs, much like methadone clinics, bring unwanted community opposition, said Mark Parrino, president of the American Association for the Treatment of Opioid Dependence. That limits treatment choices in rural areas, where one doctor might be the only one licensed to prescribe buprenorphine for hundreds of miles."

The Department of Health and Human Services is moving to ease the limits, and Sens. Ed Markey, D-Mass., and Rand Paul, R-Ky., want to go even further. "But some addiction experts are concerned that raising the caps on buprenorphine will nudge the country toward treating addiction with medication rather than counseling, Murakami reports. The department�s proposed rules would require mental-health care, which is often hard to get in rural areas. The senators� bill would not.

�Turning people away from the most evidence-based treatment we have for a chronic, life-threatening disease is heart wrenching for a doctor,� Dr. Kelly Clark, president-elect of the American Society of Addiction Medicine, told CNHI. �Rural areas have been hit hardest by this round in overdoses, which is the worst round of overdose deaths in our country.� She said medication is especially important in rural areas because opioid use spreads among families. �In rural areas, you�re treating the person, their parents and grandparents,� she said. �Entire families are addicted. It�s not like saying, �Stay away from certain friends,� if they�re shooting up with their sister and their mother.�
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